资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
持续高价仍旧满房 三亚旅游迎加长版旺季****** 火爆的三亚旅游市场在春节假期后依然延续。1月31日,北京商报记者从多家旅游平台了解到,春节假期一些动辄五六千元一晚的高端旅游酒店在节后房价仍处高位,部分热门酒店甚至还处于满房状态,而这样的情况将一直持续至正月十五。 部分酒店仍售罄 “节后这两天来亚龙湾的游客依旧很多,我们每次开车出亚龙湾都要排半个小时的队。”在三亚度假的游客蒋瑞(化名)告诉北京商报记者,自己本以为过了春节错峰游三亚的游客会少一些,酒店会更好订,其实不然。 “因为将近三年都没有好好地旅游,所以我们计划订个比较舒适的酒店,但没想到稍微高端一点的酒店房源都很紧张。”蒋瑞说道。北京商报记者在携程旅行App上看到,三亚亚特兰蒂斯酒店1月31日-2月3日均已无房间可以预订,2月4日-5日的海景双床房、海景大床房等房型显示已售罄;无独有偶,三亚艾迪逊酒店1月31日-2月1日的所有房型均被订满,2月2日也有部分房型显示被订完。 价格方面,一些热门酒店的房价在春节假期后仍持续处在高位。北京商报记者在携程旅行App上查询到,三亚保利瑰丽酒店1月31日豪华海景房的房价为5573元/晚,海景泳池大床房的房价为7673元/晚;三亚香格里拉度假酒店1月31日豪华阁大床房的价格为5986元/晚。不难看出,即便假期已经结束,但三亚春节期间的余温还在持续释放。 除酒店外,三亚的免税市场也在持续发热。北京商报记者在三亚国际免税城探访看到,免税城内人头攒动,不少品牌店门口排起长队,部分奢侈品品牌需要排队至少一个小时才能进店。免税城内的工作人员告诉北京商报记者:“过年期间一直都是这么多人,不知道具体要持续到什么时候。” 在免税城内排队等待购物的孙先生表示:“因为我们在三亚买了房,所以几乎每年冬天都会来三亚,往年免税城里的人也都很多,但我感觉今年的人更多了。” 三亚旅游酒店行业协会会长刘凯强表示,以往在节后都会有来错峰旅游的游客,但今年春节后来三亚旅游的整体游客人数相比往年要多一些,甚至比疫情前的2019年还要多。蒋瑞谈到,相比往年,今年春节三亚旅游市场的“旺季”时间更长了。 元宵节后陆续回归平价 “三亚旅游市场火热的情况将一直持续到正月十五,目前有不少酒店的房价从正月十五左右开始回落。”有酒店相关负责人透露。 北京商报记者从携程旅行App上看到,三亚亚特兰蒂斯酒店2月5日(正月十五)海景大床房的房价为3088元/晚,而1月21日除夕当晚,同房型的房价为5688元/晚;2月12日的同房型房价为2188元/晚,与除夕的房价相比,降幅超60%。同样,三亚珊瑚湾文华东方酒店1月21日翠园轩高级园景大床房的价格为6231元/晚,2月5日同房型房价为3827元/晚,降幅近40%;2月12日的房价为2195元/晚,降幅超60%。这就意味着,正月十五后部分酒店价格开始回落,陆续回归到平日房价水平。 刘凯强表示,即使会有错峰游市场,但毕竟过了春节的峰值,各酒店对春节初七以后的房价都有所下调,但这也带动了初七到正月十五期间入住率的提升。而最近价格上涨,与酒店入住率趋于满房的状态密不可分,各酒店也在用市场进行调节。 而民宿市场也有相同的情况发生。小猪民宿相关负责人介绍:“目前来看,三亚的热度还在持续,三亚民宿价格没有大幅下滑。三亚此前也都是过了正月十五价格才会逐渐恢复。因为很多三亚民宿订单订到正月十五,所以库存比较紧张,小猪民宿平台上三亚地区最长的单笔订单订了超过90天。” 同程旅行数据显示,春节假期过后,热门旅游目的地的酒店价格略有回落,例如,三亚1月28日-31日入住的酒店均价(平均每间夜价格)降幅为18.1%。同时,机票价格在节后逐步进入下行通道。 淡季将转换经营策略 “正月十五以后,学生基本都上学了,亲子客流肯定会有所减少。接下来,各酒店可能会针对会议、团队以及时间较为充裕的度假散客做一些准备,推出一些优惠措施等吸引消费者。”刘凯强说道。 针对平季的准备工作,三亚亚特兰蒂斯酒店公关总监徐翔宇表示,旺季过后会安排部分酒店员工进行休整,同时也会针对会议、团建等进行相关布局。 不只是当地酒店企业,在线旅游平台也在积极营销。据了解,同程旅行近期上线了“旅行开年心动出发”的活动,预订三亚、西双版纳等热门目的地的酒店会有相应的优惠。 北京第二外国语学院中国文化和旅游产业研究院副教授吴丽云认为,近年来,三亚的淡旺季逐渐在淡化,以往暑期是三亚的淡季,但是在近两年的暑期,三亚酒店的入住率还是比较高的。 业内人士分析指出,经过三年疫情,消费者出游的需求在这个春节得以释放,也有部分消费者更青睐于节后的错峰游,从而使今年三亚的旅游市场持续火热。同时,2月6日起,试点恢复全国旅行社及在线旅游企业经营中国公民赴有关国家出境团队旅游和“机票+酒店”业务。而此时,三亚便是众多消费者出游的首选目的地。 吴丽云指出,待出境游完全放开后,可能会对三亚旅游市场有一定的影响。虽然三亚的度假设施相对完善,但服务方面存在一定欠缺和不足,加之价格较贵,可能会有部分消费者选择价格较为便宜的东南亚国家,届时会分流三亚旅游市场。 北京商报记者 吴其芸/文 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |